Relocating to Australia as a doctor

Medical professionals relocating to practice in other countries is not an unusual occurrence, but finding relevant, helpful information is. If you are a keen medical student or doctor (junior doctor, specialist, consultant or GP) who wants to relocate to practice in Australia, this guide is for you.
 
The guide provides information on the following:
Healthcare system and structure
Eligibility and exams
Postgraduate training and finding a job
Immigration and visas
Lifestyle
Checklist of the things you need to get done before relocating (with approximate time periods)
 
UPDATE (2022):
Example entry routes and standard training of doctors in the country
Social media account recommendations (where available)
AND overall top tips at the end of the guide!